Numeric Data Type In C Sharp Day 19

Lecture 19 : Numeric Data Type In C Sharp

Numeric Data Type :

• The numeric types represent integer, decimal and double numbers.
  

• In this article with a quick reference to the numeric data types. 

• For integer types, the declaration keyword, a description of the type, the range of possible values and the number of bits used to represent the value are given. 

• For non-integers, the scale and the number of digits of accuracy are given, rather than minimum and maximum. 

• This allows you to determine which data type should be used for any numeric variable.
  

• The Boolean type is included, which although not technically numeric, fits well in this table. 

• The Boolean type can hold either true or false.
  

Integer :

• The int data type is 32-bit signed integer.

• It can store numbers from -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647. 

• The int keyword is an alias of Int32 struct in .NET.

• The uint is 32-bit unsigned integer. 

• The uint keyword is an alias of UInt32 struct in .NET. 

• It can store positive numbers from 0 to 4,294,967,295. 

• Optionally use U or u suffix after a number to assign it to uint variable.

Decimal :

• The decimal data type can store fractional numbers from ±1.0 x 10-28 to ±7.9228 x 1028.

• It occupies 16 bytes in the memory. 
  

• The decimal is a keyword alias of the Decimal struct in .NET.
  

• The decimal type has more precision and a smaller range than both float and double, and so it is appropriate for financial and monetary calculations.
  

• Use m or M suffix with literal to make it decimal type.
  

Double :

• The double data type can store fractional numbers from 1.7e−308 to 1.7e+308.
  

• It occupies 8 bytes in the memory.
  

• The double keyword is an alias of the Double struct in .NET.
  

• Use d or D suffix with literal to make it double type.
  

Type Casting :

• Type conversion is converting one type of data to another type, It is also known as Type Casting.
  

• In C#, type casting has two forms −
  

1) Implicit :

• The values of certain data types are automatically converted to different data types in C#.
  

• Example :

           int i = 345; 

           float f = i; 

           Console.WriteLine(f);

• In the above example, the value of an integer variable i is assigned to the variable of float type f because this conversion operation is predefined in C#.
  

• However, not all data types are implicitly converted to other data types. 

• For example, int type cannot be converted to uint implicitly.
  

2) Explicit :

• It must be specified explicitly, as shown below :
  

• Example :

           int i = 100; 

           uint u = (uint) i;

           Console.Write(i);

• In the above example, integer i is converted to uint explicitly by specifying uint in the brackets (uint). 

• This will convert an integer to uint.
  

Convert Function :

• ToInt16()Converts a specified value to a 16-bit signed integer.
  

• ToInt32()Converts a specified value to a 32-bit signed integer.

• ToInt64()Converts a specified value to a 64-bit signed integer.
  

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